Veterinary Nursing Distance Learning Program Helps Propel Purdue University Online to New Milestone

Veterinary Nursing Distance Learning Program Helps Propel Purdue University Online to New Milestone

Friday, December 9, 2022

Purdue University not too long ago strike a major milestone in its attempts to make a planet-class online training obtainable to pupils close to the world. In the course of the 2021-2022 college year, Purdue celebrated eclipsing the mark of awarding 1,000 levels and about 200 graduate certificates to on the internet students.  Contributing to Purdue Online’s results is the Veterinary Nursing Distance Learning Application (VNDL).

The rise of property world-wide-web products and services in the 21st century manufactured planning and offering length training feasible on a massive scale. The Faculty of Veterinary Drugs led the way in building what was then identified as the Veterinary Technology Distance Mastering Software, which enabled the university to offer you the Affiliate of Science degree in veterinary know-how as its initially totally on line undergraduate diploma in the early 2000s. That’s when Purdue joined the Indiana College or university Network – an firm devoted to growing E-understanding opportunities at Indiana schools.

“The VNDL Plan is the only undergraduate software available by Purdue On the internet,” said Paige Allen, MS, RVT, assistant director of academic advising and recruitment in the College of Veterinary Medication. “We have experienced 140 college students graduate from the VNDL, with our first graduate in 2005,” Paige defined. “Our VNDL graduates persistently conduct perfectly on the Veterinary Technician National Examination (VTNE), acquiring a existing a few-12 months pass fee of 92.1 p.c.” Moreover, the VNDL application now offers virtually 700 active students.

Although Purdue University’s on the web system catalogue has expanded drastically in the previous couple of many years, Purdue has been involved in length training for above 100 yrs. The university’s to start with undertaking into length training began in 1922, when the university started broadcasting engineering programs about WBAA, which at the time was an academic radio station functioning out of West Lafayette, Indiana, and serving the bigger Lafayette space. Purdue ongoing to make investments in distance education and learning throughout the 1930s, ‘40s, ‘50s, and ‘60s. By the late 1960s, Purdue was featuring master’s levels in engineering throughout Indiana and neighboring states by filming lectures and broadcasting them on closed-circuit tv. In the adhering to many years, enhancements in digital technological know-how helped Purdue’s distance finding out possibilities attain even extra people.

Now, 100 many years following Purdue University 1st ventured into distance education and learning, the Purdue method has a strong and modern on the internet catalogue. Purdue features in excess of 200 absolutely on the web and hybrid programs at the associate’s, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral stages – as nicely as several certificate and professional programs. In 2022, Purdue was ranked as the #3 Best On the net University in The us by Newsweek, and quite a few of Purdue’s on the web diploma systems have achieved their very own prime rankings.

As Purdue’s on the internet programs continue on to develop, the Purdue group has invested in developing a world-class educational working experience for the thousands of online pupils who move via Purdue’s (virtual) doorways each and every calendar year. On the internet pupils have develop into an built-in aspect of Purdue’s extensive legacy of tutorial excellence, and several have long gone on to develop into innovators in their fields.

Click on in this article to read a finish report by writer Rachel Barton about the record of Purdue College On the web and ideas for the potential.

Writer(s):
Kevin Doerr
| pvmnews@purdue.edu

ASU, Mastercard Foundation partner with Ethiopia on online learning

ASU, Mastercard Foundation partner with Ethiopia on online learning
November 29, 2022

Here’s a look at some of the most impressive students graduating this fall

As Arizona State University’s fall graduating class grows, so does the number of students who have excelled in their university careers — and beyond. From athletes to artists, here’s a look at some of those remarkable students.

International scholar-athlete excelled in soccer, academics

Lieske Carleer, a standout ASU women’s soccer player and honors international student, is a consummate scholar-athlete whose drive on the pitch matched her dedication in the classroom throughout her years as a Sun Devil.

Outstanding graduating senior achieves excellence by pushing boundaries

During summer 2020, Matthew Kling wanted a challenge. So he enrolled in Intermediate Microeconomic Theory and ended up with the highest grade in the class. The December grad advises all ASU students to follow his lead in pushing academic boundaries.

ASU grad to use sociology in music career

As a choral director and musician for 24 years, Cary Burns knows all about group dynamics. But he wanted to educate himself on the science behind it. After graduation, he is looking forward to using his knowledge of social structures to become a better music educator and community member. 

Psychology Dean’s Medalist aims to help teens to recognize digital domestic violence

Psychology grad Annie Cooper came to ASU as a transfer student from community college and immediately immersed herself in as many opportunities as possible. She joined Psi Chi as the director of their social media accounts and found herself realizing that she could be the next president. 

Annie Cooper

Doctoral student shifting Arizona toward a more sustainable energy future

Outstanding Graduate Carlos Aguiar Hernandez recently completed his PhD in sustainable energy through the School of Sustainability in the College of Global Futures. His time at ASU gave him a renewed sense of determination and new insight into the energy field to complement his prior experience.

ASU, Uber partnership allows student to complete bachelor’s degree

Through the generous partnership between Uber and Arizona State University, Richard Percoco was able to receive his education from a world-class university. Taking advantage of the academic opportunities, Percoco will graduate with two degrees this December, one in political science and another in history.

Criminal justice grad appreciates greater freedom in US to choose an academic field

One of Tatjana Carranza’s favorite things about the U.S. is how people have more freedom to switch fields compared to in her homeland of Germany. Carranza, whose initial plans were to become a language translator, eventually landed on legal studies for her bachelor’s degree, and now a master’s degree in crime analysis.

Cronkite graduate finds new ways to tell stories after career change 

For Laura Bargfeld, the COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to slow down and refocus on their career goals. They began to think of different ways to share their storytelling skills with the world, which led them to ASU’s Cronkite School, where they will receive their Master of Mass Communication in December.

Headshot of

Laura Bargfeld

Veteran’s path to earn social work degree took many turns

In high school, Kevin Brown-Kaufman decided to fast-track his enlistment in the U.S. Marine Corps by dropping out to complete the requirements more quickly in night school, but he ended up becoming a young father and put aside those goals. Seven years later, he decided to earn his diploma and serve in the Marine Corps, and now, after seeing his daughter attend ASU, is also earning a bachelor’s degree.

Actress, director earns master’s degree in film and media studies

Estelle Golden’s professional life is full. She’s been an actress in films and plays for more than 35 years. She directs and teaches drama classes at a community college in Washington. And now she’s adding another credential to her list: a master’s degree in film and media studies from ASU Online.

Grad’s late father taught him the importance of helping others, listening

When Aviel Waxman’s father had multiple sclerosis, Waxman helped care for him until his father’s death four years ago. Being there for his father helped the fall 2022 Outstanding Graduate realize the importance of helping others.

World War II studies graduate looks to bring new perspective to the past

Gerald Sayles III has been interested in many aspects of World War II, including the social conditions in the U.S. at the time and various myths about the war that have defined an entire generation of Americans. His interest led him to enrolling in the online master’s in World War II studies program at ASU.

ASU master's student

Gerald Sayles III

One-time bank worker set to pursue career in sustainable tourism

From studying journalism as an undergraduate to earning a master’s degree in sustainable tourism three decades later, Alexandra Ghiozzi has crafted her career by adding one experience to another. 

Grad charted own course to social work, public affairs

As the youngest of five children, Ty’Lesha Yellowhair had more than enough incentive to pursue her education. Following the example of their mother — who holds three master’s degrees — all four of Yellowhair’s siblings also earned degrees.

Medallion Scholar eyes law school

For Ella Gallagher, changing society’s dependence on fossil fuels is of primary importance. “It’s a modern miracle that we can use electricity to power a car now, but what about a plane?” said Gallagher, who is graduating with a bachelor’s degree in business law and is a Medallion Scholarship recipient.

School of Molecular Sciences Dean’s Medalist has a passion for coding

Holly Hemesath, who is graduating with a Bachelor of Science and the Dean’s Medal, had thought coding was like learning a foreign language and that it was just a lot of memory work. She soon realized, upon compounding programming with biochemistry, that it provides one with an essentially limitless potential to create anything one might need or want.

Holly Hemesath

Family tragedy drove ASU grad’s aspirations

For Alia Rocha, who is graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in psychology, a family tragedy drove her to want to become a licensed therapist. But she also credits ASU’s Student Alumni Association with providing her a sense of perspective and belonging.

ASU’s online Spanish program provides a path for student with vision impairment

The path that led Paul Mrstik to where he is now was far from straightforward. Accessible degree programs and his love for languages have helped him find his niche. 

Quadruple major graduates with plans of helping people with disabilities

As a fourth-generation Arizonan, Nathaniel Ross always knew he wanted to stay in the state for the long run. So in 2019, when he was one of 20 high school seniors from Arizona selected for the Flinn Scholarship, which provides a full ride to any in-state university, it was the perfect opportunity to stay.

Thunderbird grad ‘honors his roots’ and dreams of giving back to his community

Esly Diaz and his family immigrated from Mexico to the United States when he was a child, a move that brought to light the challenges immigrants face. Now as a husband and father to two teenage boys, Diaz’s dedication and strength is what has kept him pursuing higher education. 

 in Thunderbird's Haas Digital Global Forum

Esly Diaz

Sociology graduate set to work at dream job

Shawn Banzhaf, author of “The Five Ls: A Practical Guide for Helping Loved Ones Heal After Trauma” and newly named executive director of ASU’s Pat Tillman Veterans Center, is graduating with his master’s degree in sociology this fall.

Graduate finds a new perspective at ASU

Adriana (Audrey) Talamante chose to attend ASU because of the diverse field of opportunities in the engineering school and the possibilities for student involvement. As a first-generation student and native Arizonan, financial aid allowed her to focus on her studies, make mistakes and network without carrying a financial burden. 

Global health student has a passion for helping others

Alicia Marisol Hernandez, a first-generation college student and Teach for America Campus ambassador, graduates this fall with a Bachelors of Arts degree in global health. “… I was interested in health issues around the world and how this affects communities,” she says.

Award-winning graduate student to launch career after graduation

Thu Thao Nguyen is a graduating with a PhD in chemistry after a journey that began in middle school in Hanoi, Vietnam, where she discovered her passion for the field. Nguyen investigated universities and professors, and eventually found Ryan Trovitch’s research group at ASU’s School of Molecular Sciences to be a perfect fit.

Thao Nguyen working in a research lab

Thu Thao Nguyen

Thunderbird grad embraces family history to excel in classroom, beyond 

Born and raised in downtown Phoenix, Jesse Avalos was no stranger to Thunderbird School of Global Management when he enrolled in the Master of Applied Leadership and Management program. In fact, he had just started working as the executive assistant to Thunderbird Director General and Dean Sanjeev Khagram.

Anthropology PhD graduate researches human migration in risky coastal environments

Anthropology student Charlotte Till’s research focuses on human migration and how environmental changes affect migration. The international student will be graduating with a PhD this fall from the School of Human Evolution and Social Change. 

Marketing major finds his balance

Tyler Burnside is a native of Detroit Lakes, Minnesota, and after visiting the ASU Tempe campus during his senior year of high school, he knew where his academic path would begin.

Outstanding graduate explores role of technology in gender-based violence

Toby Shulruff is earning her master’s degree online in public interest technology after her work experience led her to question the function and future outcomes of technology in society as it is currently used. 

, an outstanding graduate with a master's degree in public interest technology, stands in front of a green, forest background.

Toby Shulruff

Catalysts for a nature-based future

On a trip home to Philadelphia after 20 years in the Marine Corps, Nick Heier noticed the anaerobic state of the creeks he used to spend time in. This was an initial spark that eventually brought him to ASU to study biomimicry and construction management.

Global community motivates Thunderbird grad to make lasting impact

As DeMaurya Seymore graduates this fall with a Master of Global Management with a concentration in global affairs, he reflects on how far he has come and how he is more driven than ever to use his appreciation for languages and international relations to make a true impact.

Graduating film student sets out to create meaningful entertainment

Jayla Johnson, who was born and raised in a small town in Wyoming, said she decided to get an early start on pursuing her passion, earning an associate degree before even graduating from high school. Johnson always knew she wanted a career in the entertainment industry, so she continued her path at ASU and is graduating this fall with a BFA in film and media production and a minor in business.

Writing toward wholeness

Graduating  student Katherine Santana Brickey believes there’s power in the written word. Brickey’s work for her online Master of Arts in English points to her conviction that words can nurture both mind and body.

Graduating ASU student  smiles at the camera while wearing a green blouse.

Katherine Santana Brickey

A military man embraces a life of the mind

Lane Hiser is graduating this fall with a 4.13 GPA, earning a Bachelor of Arts in English literature and a minor in military leadership. He was also selected as The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Dean’s Medalist for the Department of English, an honor bestowed on the most outstanding graduate in the unit.

PhD grad creates important opportunities for emerging artists

Garrett Laroy Johnson, from the School of Arts, Media and Engineering, created new opportunities for creative expression when the pandemic was shuttering access to these forms of practice.  

Outstanding graduate encourages students to try everything, fail often, learn always

John Rudebeck, originally an undecided student, is graduating with his bachelor’s degree in innovation in society at ASU’s College of Global Futures. His college career includes two capstone projects, starting a temporary student organization that participated in the School for the Future of Innovation in Society’s curriculum discussions and serving as a new student ambassador. 

Graduating chemistry PhD overcomes doubts to encourage others

Graduate student Donald Glaser feels fortunate and honored to receive a PhD in chemistry from the School of Molecular Sciences. As a self-described nontraditional student, Glaser wants others to know that achieving your dreams is possible, despite having what others might consider a less-than-ideal beginning.

ASU graduating PhD  posing for a selfie in a desert landscape.

Donald Glaser

Chance opportunity ‘hooked’ Outstanding Graduate Student on business analytics

Mario Liddell discovered his passion for data analytics amid a challenge. The W. P. Carey Outstanding Graduate Student was working in financial sales and trying to prepare talking points, presentation decks and dashboards on behalf of a colleague on paternal leave. 

ASU film grad wants to teach the art of critique

Graduating ASU student Adam Khromachou discovered his love of film analysis early in life and lately has honed the skill by writing and narrating more than 1,500 “60-Second Film Reviews” on TikTok. He currently has upwards of 30,000 followers.

Psychology grad has a heart for the homeless

Ryan Pizzo Bieniek, who is graduating with a bachelor’s degree in psychology and minoring in Spanish, has a heart for people who struggle to find housing and other necessities. “There need to be more resources and free housing made available to people left homeless and in less fortunate situations,” he says.

Lifelong learner keeps promise, returns to college

When Kelly Berg first graduated from high school, she started college but ended up dropping out during her second semester. This fall 2022, she is keeping a promise she made to herself to go back and finish her degree. 

 in Venice

Kelly Berg

Fall graduate already working in procurement for state of Arizona

Julia Ladner, a business communication major, will apply what she learned through her honors thesis and an internship in a job with the state of Arizona.

Mother, community, service inspire 2022 grad

Arianna Tillman was inspired by her community and her mother to pursue a bachelor’s degree in medical studies at ASU. After graduation, she plans on working as a medical scribe and applying to medical schools.

International ASU grad uses experiences to undo waste

Nivedita Biyani, who is earning her PhD in civil and environmental engineering, wants to use her life experiences and everything she’s learned at ASU to reimagine how we think about waste.

A love for research inspired alumna to return to ASU for nursing 

Alyssa Ingurgio already has a job lined up post-graduation that combines her passion for research and working with people.

 poses for the camera she is wearing a white coat and has a black stethoscope showing

Alyssa Ingurgio

Microbiology grad student finds success through ASU community connections

In his time at ASU, Mark Reynolds earned the Robert P. Stearns/SCS Engineers Scholarship from the Solid Waste Association of North America, which allowed him to further pursue his research in microbiology.

ASU master’s grad follows passion for storytelling

Lisa Diethelm graduated from ASU with a bachelor’s degree in journalism and mass communication and a certificate in philosophy, rhetoric and literature. But her Sun Devil story didn’t end there. After contemplating her career path upon graduation, Diethelm decided to pursue a different kind of storytelling with a master’s degree in English from ASU’s New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences. 

‘Off the charts empathy’ a superpower for this new ASU graduate

Graduate student Alisa Bozich feels led to help those new to the U.S. find their footing. Her new Master of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages – which she is earning this fall through ASU Online — will make doing just that a bit easier.

Top photo: A student has his photo taken for graduation in front of a 2022 sign placed at Old Main on ASU’s Tempe campus. Photo by Charlie Leight/ASU News

Bergen Center for Online Learning Launches

Bergen Center for Online Learning Launches

Bergen Community College Center for Online Learning

Increased Ed

With need for online choices in higher instruction increasing, and pupils trying to find adaptability as they work towards earning degrees, Bergen Community College or university in Paramus announced it will open its Heart for On the web Mastering this spring. The entirely virtual middle will launch with two diploma-granting applications, psychology and business enterprise administration, and a total complement of on line services, sources and property. To assure the highest quality on line knowledge, Bergen will exchange its on the internet system delivery system with the industry-primary “Canvas” environment – a know-how-enhanced university student-centered mastering tool.

“Offering on the net programs has turn out to be commonplace in greater education and learning, but we search for to go outside of merely ‘offering’ classes’,” Bergen President Eric M. Friedman, Ph.D., mentioned. “Anchored by the College’s highly regarded courses, faculty and pupil products and services, the Centre for On the web Studying will construct on Bergen’s name for delivering a large-quality studying expertise. Learners in the course of our area will now have on line access to the exact same renowned programs that virtually 11,000 nearby citizens enroll in each year. In the grand spirit of the neighborhood college or university mission of obtain and excellence, the centre represents an important evolution in the way we serve our communities.”

Noticed as an essential action in the evolution of larger training offerings available to community citizens, the middle has also garnered support from county govt officials. In reflection of the administration’s mentioned ambitions of prioritizing assist and enhancements for the College or university, Bergen County Government James J. Tedesco III and the Board of Commissioners have awarded the institution a $670,000 grant to aid in launching the centre. The seed funds accounts for half of the center’s original startup fees, like assisting to finance the invest in of Canvas and expanding the on the internet scholar resources.

“By making use of market-top technological know-how, this expenditure from the County makes it possible for the Bergen Group College to give even higher access and flexibility for students trying to get a significant-high-quality and economical schooling,” County Government Tedesco stated. “My administration remains steadfast in its motivation to training, and this is nonetheless yet another example of the potent and ongoing partnership concerning the County of Bergen and the College or university.”

“Programs like the Centre for On-line Learning will be important in adapting to the academic requires of pupils, specially in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic,” Commissioner Instruction Chair Joan Voss, Ed.D., mentioned. “It is crucial that we continue on to teach, learn, and assistance the educational excellent of our local community to stay competitive in an at any time-changing landscape and environment.”

In accordance to a new Cengage study, 76 p.c of neighborhood university college students count on to choose at minimum some courses totally on the internet this calendar year. The analyze, executed in partnership with the Affiliation of Neighborhood University Trustees, Phi Theta Kappa and other main group school organizations, speaks to a pattern in larger education and learning accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent reliance on length mastering. The selection of undergraduates enrolled solely in online classes jumped from 2.5 million to 7 million from 2019 to 2020, with 11.8 million pupils enrolled in at least just one on the internet system total, in accordance to the Countrywide Center for Education and learning Stats.

The pandemic not only hastened the use of online environments, but aided college students experience the positive aspects of digital learning as properly – overall flexibility, accessibility and benefit amid them. With the modifying landscape evident, creating strong on the web education and learning possibilities became a crucial takeaway in Bergen’s newly founded educational learn strategy and President Friedman’s yearly ambitions.

While Bergen has offered on the net lessons for nearly 20 several years, the centre represents the initially time the School will offer you full plans on the net. Software prerequisites continue to be the very same as Bergen’s in-man or woman choices – 60 credit rating hours – and Higher education college will instruct all programs. Friedman expects to increase new on-line systems in potential semesters.

Pupils enrolling in courses via the Heart for On the internet Learning will have obtain to online tutoring, advising and job products and services, although also benefiting from a fully virtual registration, money support and bursar technique. To make the most of the absolutely digital packages, pupils must have entry to a particular personal computer, large-velocity Internet, a webcam and microphone. Tuition continues to be the same as in-man or woman Bergen lessons.

Exceptional to the middle, every single enrollee will perform with a committed student results coach. The mentor will offer advice on coursework and transitioning to a completely on the internet plan. The School has also prioritized offering faculty with entry to skill growth workshops on very best methods. The pandemic noticed the institution improve people efforts by its Heart for Innovation in Educating and Understanding.

The center’s first slate of lessons begins January 17, 2023 and finishes in May. For additional information, or to register, e mail coladmissions@bergen.edu, contact (201) 879-8652 or attend an details session Wednesday, Dec. 7 at 7 p.m. by using Webex at Bergen.edu/col.

To entry a lot more organization information, visit NJB Information Now.

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School boards, ATA respond to Alberta’s mask, online learning policies

School boards, ATA respond to Alberta’s mask, online learning policies

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Edmonton’s two biggest school boards say they welcome the “clarity” provided by the province’s new policies on masking and online learning in schools.

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Alberta’s United Conservative government announced changes to regulations Thursday that prevent school authorities from moving to online-only classes and state that mask-wearing can’t be a condition of attending in-person learning.

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Mask mandates haven’t been in effect in schools since February, but a recent Court of King’s Bench of Alberta decision found the provincial government acted “unreasonably” last winter when it lifted the school COVID-19 mask requirement. At the time, Education Minister Adriana LaGrange told school authorities in a letter that they would not have the power to require students to wear masks, but Justice Grant Dunlop concluded that the minister’s words were not a regulation, so they didn’t actually prohibit school boards from taking action.

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As schools have struggled with surging respiratory illnesses that have spiked student absenteeism rates this month, school authorities have been pushing for answers on what metrics would prompt the return of public health measures, and who should be expected to make the decision.

Both board chairwomen for Edmonton Catholic Schools and Edmonton Public Schools said Friday that the province has now given a clear answer on whether boards have the authority to implement health-related decisions.

“I think all Albertans now understand that it’s not within the jurisdiction and nor should it ever have been within the jurisdiction of individual school boards to make decisions that belong to health officials,” Edmonton Public Schools chairwoman Trisha Estabrooks said.

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Edmonton Catholic Schools chairwoman Sandra Palazzo echoed the sentiment.

“We’re looking to our medical officials to make these decisions,” she said.

Emily Peckham, a spokesperson for LaGrange, said Friday that the government’s intent is to give guidance on measures “that may limit access to education.”

“Some school authorities have recently considered implementing at-home learning due to high rates of staff illness and some interest groups have been calling for school authorities to implement mask mandates,” she said.

“Given that there are currently no health orders to support these decisions, we are ensuring a consistent approach across the province.”

Edmonton Catholic Schools board chairwoman Sandra Palazzo responds to new provincial government regulations on masking in schools and the use of online learning in Edmonton on Friday, Nov. 25, 2022. David Bloom/Postmedia
Edmonton Catholic Schools board chairwoman Sandra Palazzo responds to new provincial government regulations on masking in schools and the use of online learning in Edmonton on Friday, Nov. 25, 2022. David Bloom/Postmedia Photo by David Bloom /David Bloom/Postmedia

ATA underlines school staffing issues

Alberta Teachers’ Association president Jason Schilling acknowledged in a Friday statement that the latest regulation changes offer school boards more clarity, but added that the government’s solutions are “unworkable.”

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“Many schools across the province are struggling in the face of widespread outbreaks of COVID-19, influenza and RSV to maintain in-person teaching because of widespread teacher and student illness,” he said.

“If schools have no choice but to implement online learning in response to severe staff shortages and limited availability of substitute teachers, they simply will not have sufficient capacity to offer in-person instruction at the same time, as is required by the regulation.”

Estabrooks also said staffing issues don’t go away if an in-person teacher and an online teacher must be provided.

“In fact, it’s exacerbated, and so I would predict that could be a challenge,” she said. “We’re not at that point and I have full confidence in our superintendent that we’ll be able to manage and navigate this.”

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Student absenteeism rates due to illness have been lower this week, after days in early November when 16 per cent of students in Edmonton’s Catholic schools and nearly 14 per cent in public schools missed class because they were sick.

As of Thursday, absenteeism rates at both Edmonton Catholic Schools and Edmonton Public Schools were about four per cent.

But Estabrooks said Edmonton public is still waiting for more details on how health officials are monitoring the rates of illness in schools and what thresholds they might consider in terms of future public-health orders.

“Across the province, there isn’t a lot of transparency. In fact, there’s no transparency in terms of the number of outbreaks that AHS has declared in schools across the province,” Estabrooks said.

“We’re still in this pandemic and we’re still looking for some answers, some thresholds and greater transparency.”

masmith@postmedia.com

@meksmith

ajunker@postmedia.com

@JunkerAnna

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Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: Benefits and Challenges of Machine Learning Technologies for Medical Diagnostics

Artificial Intelligence in Health Care: Benefits and Challenges of Machine Learning Technologies for Medical Diagnostics

What GAO Found

Several machine learning (ML) technologies are available in the U.S. to assist with the diagnostic process. The resulting benefits include earlier detection of diseases; more consistent analysis of medical data; and increased access to care, particularly for underserved populations. GAO identified a variety of ML-based technologies for five selected diseases — certain cancers, diabetic retinopathy, Alzheimer’s disease, heart disease, and COVID-19 —with most technologies relying on data from imaging such as x-rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, these ML technologies have generally not been widely adopted.

Academic, government, and private sector researchers are working to expand the capabilities of ML-based medical diagnostic technologies. In addition, GAO identified three broader emerging approaches—autonomous, adaptive, and consumer-oriented ML-diagnostics—that can be applied to diagnose a variety of diseases. These advances could enhance medical professionals’ capabilities and improve patient treatments but also have certain limitations. For example, adaptive technologies may improve accuracy by incorporating additional data to update themselves, but automatic incorporation of low-quality data may lead to inconsistent or poorer algorithmic performance.

Spectrum of adaptive algorithms

We identified several challenges affecting the development and adoption of ML in medical diagnostics:

  • Demonstrating real-world performance across diverse clinical settings and in rigorous studies.
  • Meeting clinical needs, such as developing technologies that integrate into clinical workflows.
  • Addressing regulatory gaps, such as providing clear guidance for the development of adaptive algorithms.

These challenges affect various stakeholders including technology developers, medical providers, and patients, and may slow the development and adoption of these technologies.

GAO developed three policy options that could help address these challenges or enhance the benefits of ML diagnostic technologies. These policy options identify possible actions by policymakers, which include Congress, federal agencies, state and local governments, academic and research institutions, and industry. See below for a summary of the policy options and relevant opportunities and considerations.

Policy Options to Help Address Challenges or Enhance Benefits of ML Diagnostic Technologies

  Opportunities Considerations

Evaluation (report
page 28)

Policymakers could create incentives, guidance, or policies to encourage or require the evaluation of ML diagnostic technologies across a range of deployment conditions and demographics representative of the intended use.

This policy option could help address the challenge of demonstrating real world performance.

  • Stakeholders could better understand the performance of these technologies across diverse conditions and help to identify biases, limitations, and opportunities for improvement.
  • Could inform providers’ adoption decisions, potentially leading to increased adoption by enhancing trust.
  • Information from evaluations can help inform the decisions of policymakers, such as decisions about regulatory requirements.
  • May be time-intensive, which could delay the movement of these technologies into the marketplace, potentially affecting patients and professionals who could benefit from these technologies.
  • More rigorous evaluation will likely lead to extra costs, such as direct costs for funding the studies. Developers may not be incentivized to conduct these evaluations if it could show their products in a negative light, so policymakers could consider whether evaluations should be conducted or reviewed by independent parties, according to industry officials.

Data Access (report
page 29)

Policymakers could develop or expand access to high-quality medical data to develop and test ML medical diagnostic technologies. Examples include standards for collecting and sharing data, creating data commons, or using incentives to encourage data sharing.

This policy option could help address the challenge of demonstrating real world performance.

  • Developing or expanding access to high-quality datasets could help facilitate training and testing ML technologies across diverse and representative conditions. This could improve the technologies’ performance and generalizability, help developers understand their performance and areas for improvement, and help to build trust and adoption in these technologies.
  • Expanding access could enable developers to save time in the development process, which could shorten the time it takes for these technologies to be available for adoption.
  • Entities that own data may be reluctant to share them for a number of reasons. For example, these entities may consider their data valuable or proprietary. Some entities may also be concerned about the privacy of their patients and the intended use and security of their data.
  • Data sharing mechanisms may be of limited use to researchers and developers depending on the quality and interoperability of these data, and curating and storing data could be expensive and may require public and private resources.

Collaboration (report
page 30)

Policymakers could promote collaboration among developers, providers, and regulators in the development and adoption of ML diagnostic technologies. For example, policymakers could convene multidisciplinary experts together in the design and development of these technologies through workshops and conferences.

This policy option could help address the challenges of meeting medical needs and addressing regulatory gaps.

  • Collaboration between ML developers and providers could help ensure that the technologies address clinical needs. For example, collaboration between developers and medical professionals could help developers create ML technologies that integrate into medical professionals’ workflows, and minimize time, effort, and disruption.
  • Collaboration among developers and medical providers could help in the creation and access of ML ready data, according to NIH officials.
  • As previously reported, providers may not have time to both collaborate with developers and treat patients; however, organizations can provide protected time for employees to engage in innovation activities such as collaboration. 
  • If developers only collaborate with providers in specific settings, their technologies may not be usable across a range of conditions and settings, such as across different patient types or technology systems.

Source: GAO. | GAO-22-104629

Why GAO Did This Study

Diagnostic errors affect more than 12 million Americans each year, with aggregate costs likely in excess of $100 billion, according to a report by the Society to Improve Diagnosis in Medicine. ML, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has emerged as a powerful tool for solving complex problems in diverse domains, including medical diagnostics. However, challenges to the development and use of machine learning technologies in medical diagnostics raise technological, economic, and regulatory questions.

GAO was asked to conduct a technology assessment on the current and emerging uses of machine learning in medical diagnostics, as well as the challenges and policy implications of these technologies. This report discusses (1) currently available ML medical diagnostic technologies for five selected diseases, (2) emerging ML medical diagnostic technologies, (3) challenges affecting the development and adoption of ML technologies for medical diagnosis, and (4) policy options to help address these challenges.

GAO assessed available and emerging ML technologies; interviewed stakeholders from government, industry, and academia; convened a meeting of experts in collaboration with the National Academy of Medicine; and reviewed reports and scientific literature. GAO is identifying policy options in this report.

For more information, contact Karen L. Howard at (202) 512-6888 or howardk@gao.gov.

Shifting Gears on the Highway of Online Learning

Shifting Gears on the Highway of Online Learning

On line education and learning proceeds to be a very hot subject matter of dialogue as schools and universities prepare for the drop semester. K-12 and better instruction establishments labored diligently to navigate the pandemic, but queries remain about what we realized from on line educating and mastering encounters and how they can be improved for the potential. Let us reflect on the several roads to on the web finding out, what U-turns were being taken together the way, and what gear we need to be in heading down the teaching-and-understanding freeway of tomorrow.

Surely, on-line studying delivers a personalized understanding expertise to match the student, which allows avoid the pitfalls of a single-measurement-matches-all templates for scholar populations. On-line studying also can help schools be much more cost-effective by not relying on standard brick-and-mortar environments. Cutting down institutional developing footprints and offering much more versatile schedules are just some of the advantages of this training modality, but there are many criteria to assure a genuinely powerful and successful on the web working experience.

The genesis of on-line studying could be traced to the University of London in 1865, when tests were being built out there remotely to college students without the need of becoming demanded to physically be in London. Just about 100 decades later on, the College of Illinois made an intranet which linked laptop or computer terminals, letting students to entry recorded lectures. This procedure would eventually be remodeled into PLATO – Programmed Logic for Automated Training Functions. From these early times of providing elements remotely, a new on the internet ecosystem was made comprised of technological know-how, discovering modules, on the web testing, remote understanding resources, experiential routines, interactivity, and an any place-whenever educating and learning surroundings. Paramount to results is earning particular that instructors know how to teach, and students know how to understand, in this on-line ecosystem.


When the idea of on-line studying continued to increase and innovate in the 2000s, the pandemic developed a tidal wave of dramatic and sudden improve in 2020. Teaching confront to deal with, on the internet and in hybrid modalities adjusted right away. Bigger education and learning and K-12 had to change gears to make certain learners could continue to proficiently learn in a remote natural environment.

First Equipment: Certified Instructing AND Specialist Team

The first gear we will need to change into is ensuring establishments have the necessary certified teaching and professional staff to properly use on line education and learning. During the onset of COVID-19, there was a concern about no matter whether instructors instructing remotely experienced the vital skills, commitment and adequate time to do so. In some circumstances, instructors educating only confront to deal with at first tried to get their standard curriculum and “dump” it into an online design, some with marginal benefits. The speedy and sudden transition to distant education was a problem for several.In their 2021 short article for the peer-reviewed journal Frontiers in Psychology, “The Transformation of Greater Education and learning Right after COVID Disruption,” scientists Garcia-Morales, Garrido-Moreno and Martin-Rojas pressured: “This unexpected improve has needed universities to evolve towards on the web training in file time, utilizing and adapting the technological methods obtainable and involving professors and researchers who absence innate technological capacities for online teaching. The university program ought to be able to give excellent training in a scenario of digital transformation, disruptive technological innovation and accelerated change in the educational framework. The emergence of disruptive innovation is a time of hazard and uncertainty, but it is also a time of chances, bringing expertise and innovation to the schooling procedure.”

2nd Gear: Coaching Workers AND Students

When educational institutions have been utilizing on the web finding out for some time, there may possibly still be a hole when pupils are not professionally educated and acclimated to the environment. Some institutions believe most pupils are fully ready for technologies and an on-line ecosystem, but although this is legitimate in quite a few conditions, learners can nonetheless benefit from a suitable knowledge of the on the internet studying expertise, coupled with the assurance to use it properly.

Writing past year for the Periods Greater Education and learning, University of Oxford Fellow Nikita Hari reported, “While Technology Z know their way about electronic know-how, they nevertheless have to have to understand how to use it successfully to help finding out. Establishments have a accountability to offer a structured programme to instruct pupils how to establish, research and interpret content they uncover on the web.”

3rd Equipment: IT INFRASTRUCTURE

Acquiring effectively prepared instructors and learners for an on the net setting is just one element of the achievement formula, but similarly significant is having the important IT infrastructure and technological know-how means in area 24/7. A campus will have to have strong, protected network and server capacity, as properly as the required program purposes for educating and finding out to be productive. In the 2020 Harvard Business enterprise Evaluate post, “What the Shift to Virtual Studying Could Signify for the Future of Higher Ed,” authors Vijay Govindarajan and Anup Srivastava pointed out, “We have no question that electronic systems (mobile, cloud, AI, and so on.) can be deployed at scale, but we also know that considerably more wants to be finished. On the components aspect, bandwidth potential and electronic inequalities need addressing. The (experience-to-encounter) environment concentrations tons of dissimilarities, since learners in the similar course get the very same supply. On-line education, however, amplifies the digital divide.”

FOURTH Gear: INNOVATE

The transition to on line discovering through the pandemic designed an setting that fostered new, impressive educating techniques. The mere thought of employing Zoom in the classroom remodeled the word from a noun to a verb. In a 2020 submit on Cambridge’s Entire world of Improved Mastering site, Nigel Caplan wrote, “I’ve begun to see references to holding a Zoom, rather than a Zoom assembly or a Zoom class, and there are hundreds of hits for Zooms (or zooms) as a plural noun with this meaning in the NOW corpus of on the web English.” IT departments offered the know-how prowess to immediately deploy and implement Zoom teleconferencing capabilities, and faculty and pupils speedily discovered progressive strategies to make remote mastering far more participating and interactive.

New technological resources this kind of as virtual tours and labs, gamification, digital storytelling, flipped school rooms and complex college student information administration devices transformed the training and studying atmosphere. Whilst these applications grew for the duration of the pandemic, it is the article-pandemic ecosystem institutions need to have to approach for now.

Govindarajan and Srivastava mentioned, “The current experiment could possibly show that four-calendar year (experience-to-face) higher education training can no for a longer time rest on its laurels. A range of components — most notably the continually rising cost of tuition, presently out of access for most households, implies that the postsecondary training sector is ripe for disruption. The coronavirus disaster might just be that disruption. How we experiment, take a look at, file and fully grasp our responses to it now will ascertain whether and how on line training develops as an option for the potential.”

FIFTH Equipment: SUSTAINABLE FUNDING

Now we are ready to change into high gear, the fifth just one. All of our possibilities and assets hinge on the capacity of establishments to make their on the internet successes sustainable. A terrific offer of federal and state COVID-linked grants were being distributed as one-time funding. Universities manufactured sizeable investments in hardware, computer software and staffing. When this funding aided institutions transition and flourish in a distant COVID-19 setting, there is a need to have to sustain these investments in the potential. On-line learning is predicted to continue on to increase. In accordance to Forbes, the around the world e-studying market is projected to be value $325 billion in 2025, and Business Wire estimated company e-mastering to increase by more than 250 p.c among 2017 and 2026. On line discovering is entrenched both of those in schooling and company environments. As we velocity to the long run on the internet discovering in a “fast and furious” earth in fifth gear, we have to have to keep in brain who and why we shifted gears in the initially location. Examining your rearview mirror, observing your speed and figuring out when to utilize the brakes will provide a margin of safety as you drive in advance into the potential of on-line learning.